Capping Examples
On this page I try to explain the art of fare capping using real examples. Unless otherwise stated they are for full adult fares using Oyster.
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I’ll be adding further examples over time. Do respond in the comments if you have a scenario that you’d like explained.
This page updated 13 February 2021.
70 Responses
Hello Mike,
thanks for the examples.
I have another scenario I’m curious about (I think there is no influence of the time on the total price):
Bayswater (1) -> Westminster (1) (tube)
Victoria (1) -> Brixton (2) (tube)
Brixton [-> West Croydon] (bus 109)
West Croydon [-> Beckenham Junctiom] (tram, but not within a hopper fare!)
Beckenham Junction [-> Lewisham] (bus 54, but not within a hopper fare!)
Lewisham (2+3) -> Bayswater (1) (DLR + tube)
Thanks a lot for your help!
Ulf from Germany
Hi Ulf,
That’s an excellent suggestion. It’s reminded me that I need to examine some other edge cases involving trams. Your specific example is included above.
Hi Mike,
I travel daily from Shenfield to Notting hill using contactless. Which costs me £18.70 a day both ways. This week I have swtiches to oyster as my phone is in repairs and the oyster is charging me £24.60 per day! is this correct?
Regards
Chandni
Hi Chandni,
Yes, it is correct. Oyster is charging you for two peak singles all the way at £12.30 each. Contactless works out that a zone 1-4 cap at £10.10 plus two Shenfield to zone 5 singles at £4.30 each is the cheapest way. Do you have any other contactless cards?
I know this will take longer, but you can avoid zone 1 by taking the Overground from Stratford to Shepherd’s Bush and then the Central line back to Notting Hill Gate. The single fare for that is £8.20 peak.
Hi Mike,
I travel from Surbiton (6) to Waterloo (1), then I use the tube to travel around a few times between zones 1-3, is this capped at 12.80 for the day, is there a limit on how many journeys I can me?
Thanks 🙂
Hi Lucy,
Yes, that’s subject to the zone 1-6 daily cap of £12.80. No limit on the number of journeys you can make.
Hi Mike,
Just asking this out of curiosity rather than anything else.
This is the journey I took:
– 9.29: Wembley Park (4) to London Bridge (1) charged £1.85
-16.26: London Bridge (1) to Picadilly Circus (1) charged £2.40
– 18.27: Picadilly circus to Wembley Park charged £2.40 (so it got capped at £6.65
I have a National rail card and 18+. Just wondering why it got capped at off-peak fare when I travelled during peak times. Not complaining but I wanted to crack the case 🙂
Hi Cassy,
The off-peak cap covers everything after 0930, so even though you were charged peak fares in the evening they were limited by the off-peak cap. The first journey started within the grace period so was charged off-peak.
Hi Mike
We have a friend staying who is not able to cope with the overcrowding on Central Line. Their journey is from Woodford to Euston Square. If they take following route will it be charged as one journey i.e. As if they had remained on the Underground for complete journey?
Woodford – Stratford (Central Line)
Stratford – Liverpool Street Station Mainline (Using TFL overground)
Liverpool Station – Euston Square (Hamm & City/District/Circle)
You obviously have to tap out at Liverpool Main Line then tap back in to access the Underground again. An Oyster card is being used as payment.
Many thanks
Jane
Hi Mike, thanks for all your hard work on this site.
I have a weird capping scenario which seems to show that deliberately taking an extra bus can reduce your daily fare: as follows
09:35 Victoria – King’s Cross £2.40
11:00 Bus 205 £1.50
12:30 Bus 38 £1.50
13:00 Holborn – Bethnal Green £1.60 (1-2 cap hit)
15:00 Bethnal Green – Upminster £1.50
16:30 Bus 370 £1.50
Total £10
If on the other hand I do the following:
09:31 Bus 11 £1.50
09:35 Victoria – King’s Cross £2.40
11:00 Bus 205 £1.50
12:30 Bus 38 £1.50 (bus cap hit)
13:00 Holborn – Bethnal Green £0.10 (1-2 cap hit)
15:00 Bethnal Green – Upminster £1.50
16:30 Bus 370 £0
Total £8.50
Did I get this right?
Hi Metheth,
It’s all about timing. The extra bus firstly ensures that the daily bus cap is reached and thus makes the final bus free. It also ensures that the zone 1-2 cap is hit with all 3 buses counting towards it, hence the Holborn to Bethnal Green fare is less. When you travel to Upminster the system upgrades the cap that you are working towards to be the zone 1-6 cap and will charge any journey made thereafter until that is reached, except the bus because the separate bus cap has already come into play.
Hi Jane,
It will be charged as one journey as long as there is no more than 20 minutes between touch out at Liverpool Street NR and touch in at Liverpool Street LU.
Can you give some examples of situations when it is more cost effective to use two different oyster/contactless cards for different types (modes/zone mixes) of trips on the same day?
Hi Jon,
That’s quite a niche request. I don’t really want to complicate things to that extent, and certainly not on a page explaining how capping works. Using two Oyster cards runs the risk of paying too much if circumstances change and you make more travel than originally planned.
Can you show capping scenarios which include the “short hop Zone 2-1 peak” easement/discount where the Z2-1 journey is charged at £2.40 instead of £2.90)
(Example of the easement/discount: St. John’s Wood to Marylebone)
Hi Miles,
There’s nothing special about these fares in respect of capping. They are still a zone 1 to zone 2 fare and will be included in any daily cap.
morning Mike,
im from the US and will be staying with family in eynsford (kent) we (2 adults – 1 10year old) plan on going to london a couple of times from swanley (Z8). am i correct in thinking that the max we will pay per day (adult) is 16.10 GBP regardless of times ? we will be mostly using the buses and tubes in Z1-2 whilst attraction hoping. Thank in advance
Hi Nathan,
Almost. £16.10 is last years zone 1-8 cap, it’s now £16.50. However, if you don’t touch in at Swanley until 0930 the off-peak cap of £12.90 applies. For the ten year old you just need an off-peak day return to London for £5.35. Under 11s are free on buses, tubes and dlr.
thanks mike, Nathan
Hi Mike, I hope you don’t mind a follow-up question? Why would I have to pay for a return ticket for my daughter? Isn’t she free when I have an oyster card? Thank you again
Hi Nathan,
She’s free on buses, Underground and DLR, and some National Rail services, but not the National Rail services from Swanley.
Ok. Thanks again mike
Hi Mike,
My 10 year old would only be free on the National Rail Service once she is within zone 6 correct ? and Swanley is Zone 8. Could i basically get her a return to a zone 6 station like St Mary Cray from Swanley and save a few pennies ?
Thanks again. I’ll stop pestering now 🙂
Nathan
Sorry Nathan,
She is only free on certain National Rail operators (eg London Overground or TfL Rail). She’s not free on Southeastern or Thameslink. It’s one of the more complicated aspects of ticketing in London.
oh ok. thanks for all your help
Hi Mike,
I thought I understood all this but was recently pleasantly mystified that I had got something wrong.
Details are:
National Railcard discount loaded on Oyster:
1022 Z1 to Z2 Tube £1.60
1720 Z2 to Z1 Tube £1.60
1823 Z1 to Z1 Tube £1.40 due to capping at £4.60.
I had expected that the last journey would have been a “Peak” fare and meant that it was a £2.40 charge, and that the capping would not kick in either. Very confused. Can you help?
Thank you
Hi David,
It was a peak fare, but capped by the off-peak cap. Everything after 0930 is limited by the off-peak cap, even evening peak fares.
Hi Mike!
I´m visiting London next month, arriving at Gatwick on the 6th of June. I´m going to my hotel near Waterloo station, leaving Gatwick approx. 8.45 am. Then I´m going to Kingston upon Thames at about 10.30 and going back to Waterloo in the evening, approx 8 pm.
Is there a point to register for using cpc or is a visitor oyster the best choice?
What will the fare be for the whole day?
Hi Jenny,
I’d use a contactless card in that situation as you’d have to pay for a visitor Oyster card. You don’t have to register the CPC, but it obviously helps to check you’re being charged correctly. Gatwick to Waterloo at that time in the morning will be £15.10 and the two Kingston journeys will be £4.10 each.
Hey Mike i wonder if you can help, if i start my journey at 6:00 am from ilford rail station and touch out at paddington station at around 6:50 am will i be charged peak fare even though i started my journey at of peak time ? Im paying around £194 a month for a monthly zone 1-4, as i pretty much work 21 days out of the month days and night shifts on a rolling roster (3 days, 3 nights, 3 off)
(7am -7pm Days)- (7pm -7am nighshifts) is there any way i could travel for a little cheaper. Thank you for your help in advance.
Hi Abs,
Just use PAYG. Touch in at 0600 will charge off-peak whatever time you touch out. Both your day shift journeys will be off peak as will the to work night journey because it ends in zone 1. Only the return at just after 7am will be peak. Your 9-day roster will be 3x£3.90 + 9x£2.80 = £36.90, 3 of them is thus £110.70 plus 3 day shifts (6x£2.80 = £16.80) gives you a monthly total of roughly £127.50, or £130.80 if the month starts with 3 nights.
Thank you kindly for your prompt response mike i really appreciate the effort you have taken to help me all the best
Hi Mike,
I have seen your scenario 3 and 4 about off peak daily and anytime daily caps and was a abit confused. About the scenario 3 I do understand that the offpeak daily cap was charged (£12.90) plus the bus fare (£1.50). However what if more journeys were made on that day in scenario 3 for example from Dartford (zone 8) to zone 3 at 16.15(peak hour) and one more from zone 3 to Dartford (zone 8) at 20.00? Would it charge more until the anytime cap is reached which is £16.50? Or would it stay at £14.40? What confuses me is if the first touch in was made at 09.10 which is at peak hour shouldn’t the cap stop at Anytime daily and not stop at Offpeak daily as the cap rate is determined by the time of touch in
Regarding scenario 4, why was Oxford circus to Dartford £4.10 for the single fare when scenario 3 was £4.00 for the same journey? And in the same scenario 4, for example if the first train was caught at 09.45 (off peak) from Dartford to London bridge instead of 09.10 (peak), the cap would stop at £12.90 (off peak daily cap) instead of £16.50 (anytime daily cap) because the first touch in was made at off peak time (09.45)? Is that correct?
Sorry for being a pain but I’m really confused on how the peak and off peak caps work outside zones 1-6.
Thank you.
Hi
Was just wondering why I’m get charged £15.00 everyday when commuting from broxbourne (zone 9) to Clapham Common (going through zone 1). I travel off peak AM and PM, tfl website says the off-peak cap for zones 1-9 is £12.90
Thanks sunny
Hi Nigel,
The key thing to remember is that even though peak single fares are charged in the afternoon peak, total travel is governed by the off-peak cap.
So, in scenario 3 your two extra journeys would both be free because the off-peak cap had been reached. The different prices for Oxford Circus to Dartford simply reflect the amount required to reach the applicable cap. And yes, if touch in at Dartford was after 0930 then the off-peak cap would apply for all the travel.
Also note: The touch in time is important, NOT the time of the train caught.
Hi Sunny,
Broxbourne is not in zone 9. It’s in zone B or zone 11 depending on which internal numbering system is in use. If you use my fare finder it lists the applicable caps for the journey being made.
By the way, you are benefitting from the favourable treatment of caps and extension fares offered by contactless. You are being charged for a zone 1-2 cap (£7) and two off-peak extensions Broxbourne to zone 3 (£4 each).
Hi there
My journey yesterday from Grays to London Zone 1 came to £15.80:- £7.40 out (off peak) and £8.40 return. This was clearly not capped at £12.80 as I was led to believe. Do you know why? Also, would it make a difference if I used contactless in future?
Thank you.
Hi Karen,
Grays is not in zone 6. The caps are £24.60 anytime, £18.40 off-peak. Paper day travelcards may be cheaper than the caps in this instance. Contactless may also work out cheaper than Oyster with a return journey.
Hi Mike,
I have been pondering an issue for MONTHS and wonder if you are the person to put me out of my misery! Suppose I go between zone 4 and zone 2 enough to reach the weekly cap. I then make a journey from New Malden (zone 4) to Richmond (also zone 4). This is a journey that can either be done on a single train via Kingston (which is zone 6), or by changing at Clapham Junction (zone 2). How does the system know which way I have gone, and whether or not it should be included under the zone 2 – 4 cap?
Thaaanks!
Hi Jenny,
Yes, I can provide the answer. If you use my fare finder at https://www.oyster-rail.org.uk/fares-guide/new-oyster-fare-finder/ then you’ll find the zones covered for each fare. The default route does indeed say zones 2-4 so you will not be charged further if you have capped at the weekly cap.
Zone coverage is one of the extras that I add onto the TfL-powered fare data, along with daily caps.
Hi,
I was wondering whether it would be cheaper because of the caps to buy a return paper ticket from London to Winnersh or whether I could tap in with my Oyster at Waterloo in the night then tap back out when I return in the morning?
Thanks!
Hi Nathan,
If you want to use Oyster PAYG then you must touch in at the beginning and out at the end of your journey. Feltham is the extent of Oyster towards Winnersh so you’d have to get off the train there.
If you can tell me your full commute, including the rough times you travel, I can see if there is anything you can do to save money.
Mike
very good of you to help people. My youngest daughter is starting work in London. Southfields to Sloane Square and return during peak Monday to Friday with potentially some usage over weekend. is there any advantage contactless vs oyster. Many thanks Mark
Hi Mark,
Unless she wants to buy a monthly or longer travelcard then contactless is the way to go. She won’t reach the weekly cap with the commute alone, but if she adds travel at the weekend the the weekly cap will stop her paying more than a weekly travelcard.
Hi,
First of all I want to express how happy I am to find this site.
My question is about weekly cap on oyster card. I have spent £43.70 between zone 1-2 and £46.10 between 1-3 Monday to Saturday. I have spent more between zone 1-5 but haven’t reached cap.
My understanding was that zone 1-3 cap reached and I wont be charged for bus journeys on Sunday. I was unfortunately, charged £4.50.
I just want to know the reason why cap did not work. Thanks in advance.
Hi Hasan,
There is no weekly cap on Oyster for rail journeys. Only the bus weekly cap is available on Oyster. Weekly capping for rail is available with contactless.
Hi Mike,
What impact do railcards have on the caps? If I travel from Zone 3 to Zone 5 in morning peak and back in evening peak, but then go into zone one and back to zone three off peak that night, what should the cap be with a railcard? Thanks
Hi Ben,
It depends how much your morning peak journey costs. If it is more than £4.10 you will be capped at the Anytime rate. If it is less than £4.10 your post 0930 travel will be capped at the reduced off-peak cap, plus you pay for the pre-0930 journey on top.
Hello Mike,
I have a question regarding using my oyster on a mixture of mainline and tubes. I live in zone 3 and on a regular day I will travel both during peak and off peak hours, anywhere between zones 1-3. Does using a mixture of the mainline trains and tubes impact my cap or will it remain at £8.20?
I also have my 16-25 railcard linked up to my oyster card.
Thank you
Hi Laura,
The £8.20 cap is for all travel in zones 1-3, using trains, tubes, dlr or buses/trams. Only thing not covered is St Pancras to Stratford on the high speed line. The railcard will cap off-peak travel (after 0930) at £5.40, but only if you haven’t spent £2.80 before 0930.
Hi Mike,
I usually buy an annual for zones 1-5 but wondering if it is cheaper to switch to the daily or weekly cap contactless card as I hardly use my card at weekends or evenings.
If I opt for the daily or weekly cap for a year, is there a cap amount for a year?
Thanks
Hi Fay,
It depends on what your journey is. There is no yearly cap, but in some instances you might still be better off with weekly capping. Let me know what the journey is and I’ll advise further.
Thanks Mike for your prompt response.
I commute from Enfield Town to Seven Sisters and then from Seven Sisters to Kings Cross Monday – Friday. Don’t use the travel card in the evenings or weekends. Just wondering if it cheaper to do the weekly cap or stick to my annual travelcard.
Thanks again.
OK, Enfield Town to Kings Cross is £4.70 peak single so £9.40 per day. The annual is £2400 so if you travel more than 255 days the travelcard is worthwhile. As that is 51 weeks of 5-day commuting and you probably only travel 47 weeks at the most, you are better off with daily fares. You won’t hit either the daily (£12) or weekly (£60) caps unless you do additional journeys.
Hello. My husband and I are coming to London On February 5. and we will be in London for the next 4 days. We are staying in Ilford and we planed to use the Oyster card. Did I understand correctly that the daily cap is 10.10 £, and you can drive all day anywhere and anytime you want if you stick to the buses and the Tube , 1-4 zone? Thanks. Valentina
Hi Valentina,
The zone 1-4 daily cap rose to £10.40 on Jan 2nd. Otherwise, yes, all rail travel in zones 1-4 is covered (apart from the high speed line between Stratford International and St Pancras International), along with buses througout London and the trams from Wimbledon to Croydon and beyond. All rail travel includes Underground, Overground, TfL Rail, National Rail and DLR.
Thank you for the prompt answer.
Have a nice day. Valentina
Hi, I wonder if you can assist with my enquiry…
I travel z5-z1 National Rail peak times (Mon-Fri) both ways with 2-3 buses and sometimes do the same on Saturdays off peak. First two weeks of June I hit the weekly cap of £61.70 on Saturday because I was only being charged £10.80 Mon-Fri with no bus charges
Last two weeks though I have been charged £12.30 Mon-Thu but on Fridays my final journey of the day z1-z5 peak NR journey is reduced to £3.30 saying I have reached the weekly cap thus giving a day total of £11.70 and would equate to a weekly charge of £60.90.
Any idea what’s going on? Thanks.
Hi William,
That’s strange. Can I ask you to post a copy of your journey history for the week? I’ll send you an email in a minute in case you’d prefer to keep it private. I think it’s going to depend on where in the day your bus journeys are.
Hi William,
Thanks for the journey history and the comment about being charged the extra 80p this morning on a train but not on the bus before.
I can’t pin down exactly what combination is at work here because TfL don’t make calculating extension fares public. However, I can explain the principle. The weekly cap you reached yesterday will have been a smaller one than zone 1-5. If we assume for arguments sake that it was zone 1-3 then each of your train journeys will have been split into a zone 4-5 extension fare and a contribution towards the zone 1-3 cap. All your chargeable bus journeys will also have contributed to the zone 1-3 cap. On each of Monday to Thursday you were limited by the zone 1-5 daily cap, but on Friday your journeys within zones 1-3 took that up to the weekly zone 1-3 cap. That meant that the final extension fare wasn’t matched by the full contribution to the zone 1-3 cap and thus appeared lower. On Saturday your bus was covered by the zone 1-3 cap, but when you started your train journey it then added another extension fare which was enough to take you up to the zone 1-5 weekly cap.
Don’t worry, it is very confusing, not least because TfL don’t publish how the extension fares are calculated, especially in relation to National Rail journeys. It certainly won’t be a gremlin, that’s for sure.
Hello,
I’d love to ask if a valid Bus & Tram Pass (uploaded on an Oyster card, of course) reduces daily cap for rail zones.
For example, I travel every day by bus and sometimes use the Tube between zones 1-3, let’s say.
Thank you 😉
Hi Daniel,
No, the bus and tram pass only allows free travel on buses and trams. It has no effect on daily caps for rail. If you are likely to make a few rail journeys during the week you would probably be better off with daily capping. Bus and tram use is still capped at £4.50 per day, and remember that the hopper fare often reduces the number of chargeable bus journeys made in a day.
Hi Mike!
I am still a bit confused by the caps. I have a 16-25 Railcard on my Oyster Card. One Monday I started my trip in the afternoon within 1-3 and capped at 5.6pounds. Was that because the off-peak caps kicks in as I did not travel in the morning peak time?
And what if I traveled from z2-z1 in the morning, and travel multiple times within z1/2 during the rest of the day… How will the caps be calculated? For example – if I paid less than 2.45 in the morning peak time, will my whole day fee = off-peak cap (if reached by off-peak and afternoon peak trip) or off-peak and afternoon peak fare (if off-peak cap not reached) + morning peak fare?
Finally,is it the case if I spent 2.45pounds or more during morning peak time, my daily cap will be simply 7.2?
Thank you!
Hi Robin,
£5.60 is the off-peak railcard cap for zones 1-3 which applies to all travel after 0930. If you travel in zones 1-2 before 0930, spend less than £2.45, and travel enough after 0930 to cap at £4.75 then you will be charged £4.75 plus whatever you spent before 0930.
Thank you so much Mike!!
Hi Mike,
I have read your previous post on “peak, off peak and caps” and these are some of the sentences I am pulling my hair out to understand. This is what you have been posted on the other post. “Remember, if your journey stretches between two of the periods in the table above, the rate and caps are decided by the time of the first touch in. Any subsequent touches of any description make no difference to the charge for that journey.
Thus, if you make one journey starting before 0930 you may hit the off-peak cap before the anytime cap”
I don’t understand what you mean by hitting the off peak cap first before the anytime cap. In example 4 the first touch on is made at 9.10 and it stops until the anytime cap of z1-8 is reached which is £17. In this case the cap doesn’t stop at offpeak as I believe the touch in was made before 9.30 is that correct?
But now when I look at example 3 “morning peak with off peak cap reached” the bus 96 is charged £1.50 but from crayford to London bridge, the single charge should be £5.70 but it is £4.20. Could you please explain that? And why does the cap stop at offpeak and not anytime like example 4 even though both touch ons were at 9.10. How does the bus affect anything?
Another question is I don’t understand this sentence “Bus and tram travel also counts towards the independent daily bus cap, such that after 0930 it will only charge if none of the three caps have been reached“. Which three caps do you mean?
Also in the last example where it’s a combination of bus and tube journeys. Is the train cap always the highest total you pay? For example if I take 3 buses and and one tube journey from Oxford circus to datford at 9.30am and another journey from datford to Oxford circus at 4.30pm on weekday. Is the total I should pay is £13.30 (£4.50 bus fare plus £6.40 train fare plus £2.40 to cap at offpeak.) but if the initial tube journey started before 9.30am the total I should pay is £17. Is that correct?
Sorry for such a long message. I hope you can explain it and clear it up. Thanks a lot!
Hi Margarida,
I think the misunderstanding with example 3 is that bus and train journeys are treated separately. The bus from Dartford is one journey in the peak time, but the train from Crayford is off-peak as touch in is after 0930. The passenger may consider it one journey, but Oyster doesn’t include buses with trains. In that example only the bus is not included in the off-peak cap.
The three caps are anytime rail, off-peak rail and bus/tram only. Buses and trams count towards the rail caps as well. So if you make one zone 1 tube journey and then use more than 3 chargeable buses (ie ignoring hopper fares) you won’t pay anything on the 4th or subsequent chargeable bus even though you’ve only paid £6.90 in total. If you later make another tube journey then you’ll pay another 30p to bring your total up to the daily cap.
The last example is really dealing with the anomaly of trams needing at least a zone 1-3 cap. However, you are right that the rail cap is the highest you will pay. If you start before 0930 then the highest you will pay to include Dartford is £17, but it might be less.
Thanks Mike for the clear explanation. I really appreciate it. What happens if touch in time is between 4.30-6.30am? Does that still count towards the off peak fare and Anytime cap or off peak cap?
Hi Margarida,
As explained on the Peak, Off peak and Caps page, the fares charged are off-peak but they count towards the Anytime cap.
Thanks Mike, your page is very helpful. The official Tfl website doesn’t have so much info relating different caps.